Water availability for the greening of Kuwait     

Majda Khalil Suleiman  Mahdi Saleh Abdal 《Limnologica》2002,32(4):322-328

Water resources for agricultural development and landscape enhancement in Kuwait are very scarce; the quality is saline (brackish), and the soil texture is sandy, incapable of holding nutrients and moisture. Most of the rainfall in Kuwait either evaporates due to the high temperatures or percolates through the soil. The rainfall is not sufficient to recharge the underground water supply. A variety of alternative water sources have been studied, including seawater desalination and wastewater treatment. Wastewater treatment proved to be convenient due to the relatively low salinity detected in the treated water. Furthermore, the amount of wastewater is expected to increase as more residential areas are connected to the sewage system as the population increases.

The development of a greenery plan for Kuwait requires intensive water management. This goal can be achieved through manpower training in landscape development, selection of plants tolerant to arid environments, usage of appropriate irrigation and drainage systems, promotion of greenery programs within public and the governmental agencies for their direct participation in urban area beautification, and extension of wastewater treatment techniques.  相似文献   

Groundwater regime and calculation of yield response in North China Plain: a case study of Luancheng County in Hebei Province     

Jia Jin-sheng  Yu Jing-jie  Liu Chang-ming 《地理学报(英文版)》2002,12(2):217-225

The groundwater table has been declining at a rate of 0.65 m/yr in Luancheng County since large scale groundwater extraction carried out in the 1960s. The drop of precipitation, substantial increase in agricultural output, variations of crop planting structure and construction of water conservancy projects in the headwater area all tie up with the decline of the groundwater table. On the basis of analyzing the hydrogeological conditions and the water resources utilization of Luancheng County, a three-dimensional groundwater flow model was developed to simulate the county’s groundwater flow through finite-difference method using Visual Modflow software. We divide the research field into four parts after analyzing the hydrogeological condition. Based on parameter calibration and adjustment using measured data, the hydraulic conductivity and specific yield were simulated. Using the calibrated model, we analyze the agricultural water saving potentiality and its influence on the groundwater. The results are as follows: (1) if we decrease the amount of water extracted by 0.14xl0⁸ m³, the average groundwater table of the five observation wells in December will rise by 0.33 m; (2) if we decrease the water by 0.29x 10⁸m³, the average groundwater table of the five observation wells in December will rise by 0.64 m; and (3) if we increase the water by 0.29 x 10⁸m³, the average groundwater table of the five observation wells in December will decline by 0.45 m. So we can draw a conclusion that controlling the agricultural water use is an important way to prevent the decline of groundwater table.  相似文献   

The 3D simulation and optimized management model of groundwater systems based on eco-environmental water demand     

Zhang Guang-xin Ph.D.  Deng Wei  He Yan 《地理学报(英文版)》2002,12(2):226-235

Through the study of mutual process between groundwater systems and eco-environmental water demand, the eco-environmental water demand is brought into groundwater systems model as the important water consumption item and unification of groundwater’s economic, environmental and ecological functions were taken into account. Based on eco-environmental water demand at Da’an in Jilin province, a three-dimensional simulation and optimized management model of groundwater systems was established. All water balance components of groundwater systems in 1998 and 1999 were simulated with this model and the best optimal exploitation scheme of groundwater systems in 2000 was determined, so that groundwater resource was efficiently utilized and good economic, ecologic and social benefits were obtained.  相似文献   

塔里木河下游地下水位与水化学成分关联度排序分析   总被引：8，自引：6，他引：8  

张宏锋  李卫红  葛洪涛  陈亚鹏 《干旱区地理》2003,26(3):260-263

根据2001年塔里木河下游第四次生态输水前后地下水位、水质变化的监测和取样分析资料。运用灰色关联分析法。对塔里木河下游地表生态输水前、后的地下水位与地下水化学成分进行了关联分析。分析研究表明，生态输水对地下水质的影响比较明显。在关联排序中。阴离子的SO4^2-、Cl^-以及阳离子的Ca^2 、Mg^2 与地下水位变化的关联性较强；pH值与地下水位的关联度最低。仅为0．534；矿化度与地下水位关联度最高,达到0．863。  相似文献   

209国道许家湾滑坡的成因及治理对策     

张季如  李明海  尹光辉 《山地学报》2003,21(2):234-238

结合许家湾滑坡灾害点的地质背景资料和现场勘察结果，从滑坡区的地貌、区域地质构造、地层岩性、土壤特性、水文地质特征以及人类工程活动等方面分析滑坡成因机制。指出同向多层次结构的边坡类型、山高坡陡及地表水汇集走廊的地貌特征、发育多组密集节理的区域地质构造、软硬互层的地层岩性、土体的残余强度特性等是滑坡形成的内因；而人为削坡、强降雨和破坏植被营造水耕梯田等人类活动所造成的流水浸蚀，是滑坡形成的诱发空子。基于滑坡稳定性的定量计算，确定了采用抗滑挡土墙、格构式地梁和垫梁组成抗滑系统，并布置了由树枝笼渗沟构成的排水系统等工程治理措施。现场监测结果表明滑坡治理措施卓有成效。  相似文献   

硅酸盐细菌GY03菌株的絮凝特性   总被引：17，自引：1，他引：17  

连宾  陈烨  袁生  刘丛强 《矿物学报》2003,23(4):303-307

从土壤中筛选分离到一株硅酸盐细菌GY03菌株，对其絮凝特性进行了研究。结果表明，GY03菌株营养要求简单，在生长的同时合成胞外高聚物，具有良好的絮凝性能。GY03菌株所产絮凝物质有88％以上分布在细胞表面，该絮凝剂的絮凝活性随菌体生长量的增加而同步增高，不同金属离子对GY03菌株絮凝活性有影响。实验条件下，1h内GY03菌株所产生的微生物絮凝剂对高岭土悬浮液絮凝率为78％，经放置24h后最高絮凝率可达98％，对制药废水浊度去除率为78．1％～94．7％，COD去除率为48．0％-87．5％，生活污水浊度去除率为85．3％～92．5％，对墨汁溶液的脱色率为53．2％以上。因而认为该菌株是一种很有应用前景的絮凝剂产生菌。  相似文献   

地中蒸渗计水分运移机理及其监测误差分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李金柱  杨晓俊  杜琦 《水文》2003,23(5):10-12,37

对地中蒸渗计与自然潜水水分运移机理存在的差异及误差进行了分析。结果表明：地中蒸渗计与自然潜水在水位动态、水分存储、水分运移等方面存在一定的差异，使得利用地中蒸渗计监测的潜水蒸发量、降雨入渗补给量与自然潜水的实际情况产生了一定的误差，这种误差随着潜水埋深的变化而变化，潜水埋深越浅，误差越大，潜水埋深越深，误差越小。特别对于潜水埋深小于1．5m的地中蒸渗计，使用其资料时一定要作适当的技术处理，如果直接引用，将会给计算成果带来较大的误差。  相似文献   

光催化氧化法处理难降解废水的研究进展   总被引：8，自引：3，他引：8  

梁喜珍  黄国林  陈中胜  覃业贤  郑建英 《华东地质学院学报》2003,26(2):179-182

综述了光催化氧化处理难降解废水的研究现状及发展趋势。介绍了影响光催化氧化反应速率的因素及光催化氧化法在处理难降解废水中的应用。  相似文献   

西部公路路基内部排水效果模拟研究   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

魏云杰  许模  卢书强  杨艳娜  任加国 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2003,14(1):31-35

以半挖半填路基为例，讨论了各类地质单元与路基系统的作用及路基系统内部地下水运动特征，着重分析了地下水对路基边坡稳定性的控制作用，通过敏感性分析，阐明了降低路基边坡地下水位的必要性，研究了地下水对路基系统的作用机理；建立了路基排水的数学模型，对影响路基排水的降雨强度、渗沟间距、排水时间等因素进行了敏感分析；通过对路基系统渗透系数、入渗系数、降雨量及初始水头的不同取值，运用Modflow软件对排水效果进行了模拟；通过工程实例，验证了路基排水设计方案的合理性。  相似文献   

广州新白云国际机场地基处理工程研究——高压注砂浆与袖阀管注浆相结合方法     

赵新杰  史朝立 《中国煤田地质》2003,15(5):37-39,67

广州新白云国际机场地基中广泛发育土洞、溶洞等不良工程地质现象，地基条件极其复杂。为保证构筑物的安全，在土、溶洞处理工程中采用了高压注砂浆与袖阀管注浆相结合的施工方法，通过对施工方法与技术要求的总结，归纳了质量控制要点，并概述了施工中容易出现的问题并提出处理措施。采用高压注砂浆与袖阀管注浆相结合的工艺，即加快了工程进度，降低了工即程造价，又达到预想的效果。  相似文献